There are 3 to 12 white, glossy eggs per clutch (Winkler et al. Nests are usually built below 3 m (Winkler et al. These woodpeckers will build nests in nestboxes (Palmer and Fowler 1975). The nest is excavated in dead tree trunks, dead parts of live trees, or telephone poles (Palmer and Fowler 1975, Winkler et al. The breeding season occurs from February to July (Winkler et al. In the Eastern form, Yellow-shafted Flicker, the male has yellow underwings and under the tail, while the Western form, the Red-shafted Flicker, has reddish underwings (Peterson 1967, Palmer and Fowler 1975, Farrand, Jr. Underneath, the male is light tan with heavy black spotting. The male has a tan head, gray crown, red nape, black moustache, and a black cresent on the breast. This is the only woodpecker to have a gray-brown barred back and white rump. Its wingspan is 54.1 cm, tail length is 12.2 cm, and bill length is 4.2 cm (Palmer and Fowler 1975). This bird is 30 to 35 cm in length (Palmer and Fowler 1975, Winkler et al.
They are also found in open areas, forest edges, clear-cut areas, burnt areas, agricultural lands, and residential areas (Winkler et al. These woodpeckers are found in wooded areas that have stands of dead trees (Palmer and Fowler 1975).
In addition, these woodpeckers are found on Grand Cayman, Cuba, and range as far south as the highlands of Nicaragua (Winkler et al. Northern Flickers are migratory and winter in the southern part of this range and in northern Mexico (Palmer and Fowler 1975, Farrand, Jr. This woodpecker ranges from Alaska eastward to Quebec, then south throughout the entire United States.